Emeryville's Last Stand of True Family Friendly Housing in Peril
Detached Single Family Residences Make Way For Apartment Blocks in Triangle/North Emeryville Neighborhoods
Big Changes Coming to the Areas of 'Stability'
stability
noun
1 : the quality, state, or degree of being stable: such as a : the strength to stand or endure : firmness
2 : the quality or state of something that is not easily changed or likely to change
News Analysis
As development pressures continue to mount in Emeryville, another detached single family home faces the wreaking ball in order to make way for another
techie four-plex on Ocean Avenue as was presented at a Planning Commission study session last week. The looming demolition could represent the beginning of a gathering storm of such single family to four-plex conversions in the City's last traditional family oriented neighborhoods despite prohibitions spelled out in the General Plan against demolition in designated "areas of stability". The Ocean Avenue development is in such a designated zone and to move it forward, the City is re-interpreting the word stability to include the ability to demolish, a expansion of developer prerogative from only two years ago. Further, the City is now interpreting language encouraging density embedded in the General Plan to exacerbate and actually encourage the demolition of the remaining single family residences in Emeryville, a subversion of the idea of stability.
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Detached Single Family Home The first choice for actual Emeryville families but limited to the Triangle and North Emeryville neighborhoods. The last true family friendly
housing and a feeder for the School District. |
The 1270 Ocean Avenue four-plex development proposal (presented at the January 26th Planning Commission meeting) would dramatically increase the building height over the existing single family home as well as the Floor Area Ratio (FAR) on the property and of course it would also increase the residential density. Those qualities are all within the bounds of Emeryville's zoning ordinance for the neighborhood (with development bonuses) and in fact the demolition and increase in density has earned the developer coveted FAR bonuses allowing for much less landscaped or open space on the site.
The City's realignment to interpret the zone of stability to mean a zone of demolition has moved the needle a far amount in just two years. At another site (also on Ocean Avenue) the community was in an uproar when a
developer bought a single family home with an eye to demolish it to build a four-plex but the City invoked the stability clause in the General Plan. That move prompted the developer to let the home sit vacant for several years letting rot to take hold of the unmaintained structure. The developer then made a successful argument that the home was beyond repair and he was granted permission to build his four-plex.
That was then, this is now. Now the staff doesn't even see the idea of demolition as problematic. At 1270 Ocean, the staff is encouraging the approval of the project but they didn't even bother to tell the Planning Commission at the January 26th meeting the proposed development falls within the zone of stability as identified by the General Plan, a designation meant until recently to curtail such demolition conversions.
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Apartment Building Despite some three bedroom units, families don't
want to live here. Developers throw in children's
play equipment but families vote with their feet. |
The staff's failure to disclose to the Planning Commission decision makers the fact that 1270 Ocean Avenue falls within the zone of stability may be an omission that's more than an oversight.
'Stability' Taken to Mean 'Demolition'
Outside of Emeryville, the word 'stability' is generally used to mean 'not anticipated to change substantially' and 'the strength to stand or endure'. Even here, the General Plan itself uses the standard definition; in its designated areas of stability in town, the General Plan states
"Areas of stability are those parts of the city that are not anticipated to change significantly in character, land use or development intensity over the next 20 years [the life of the General Plan]. "
The definition of the word stability becomes more expansive in the way the staff now sees it, including demolition of the stock of single family homes in town: "Stability doesn't mean NO change" a staff member who wished anonymity told the Tattler regarding 1270 Ocean. The salient part of 'stability' according to City Hall is not the enduring nature of the housing types but rather that the new apartment buildings fit in with the character of the neighborhood in the aggregate as is spelled out in the General Plan the staff tells us, apparently lacking a sense of irony.
The Last Developer Battleground in Emeryville
The City Hall expanded definition of stability will serve as a windfall for developers seeking avenues for profit after the 25 year Emeryville building boom. The boom has left the older residential neighborhoods, the areas of stability, the last place left to turn a profit. The last three large development projects in town,
Anton/Nady, the Marketplace and Sherwin Williams (primarily residential developments) approved last year, together collectively represent the last of the large residential projects that will be built in our town for at least 20 years (the average lifespan of a typical commercial building being about 30 years). Residential developers, long given the keys to Emeryville by City Council majorities over the years, now have few opportunities left here and so it is understandable they would turn to the zones of stability to eek out the last little bit from our town.
A quick back-of-the-napkin calculation shows the potential for handsome profits; home prices in these two Emeryville neighborhood zones of stability run about $500K to $600K for a fixer upper. Tear down costs are about $30K and building costs run less than $1 million for a four-plex. Sale price would be about $800K for the upper end market (times four) leaving about $1.5 million made over six to eight months. After financing costs are figured in, a tidy profit remains. That's not enough to interest the biggest developers we've been attracting up till now but plenty of mid-sized developers would gladly enter this field. All it takes to get the party started is a re-defining of the word stability to open the floodgates to developers. And that's something the staff at City Hall has already taken care of.
The Late Great Single Family Residence
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"Stability" This is how the City of Emeryville defines a stable neighborhood. |
Single family detached residences are by far the most popular type of housing for families. Among other advantages, the private backyards associated with this kind of housing permits young children to play unattended, parents the time to do the myriad things that need attending to besides their children. This kind of housing is abundant in the suburbs and it's the primary reason young parents often decamp for the leafy hinterlands. Emeryville's housing stock at this point is only a small fraction detached single family (and it's all in the zones of stability), but the two zones of stability are the biggest feeder areas as a percentage for children attending the Emery Unified School District.
But after developing the rest of our town, it is here, the last low density places left in Emeryville where developers now turn to extract their profits. The word 'stability' is meant to stop this from happening regardless any new interpretation by City Hall.
With a staff willing to overtly turn the meaning of the word stability on its head to facilitate the remake of these last traditional neighborhoods in town, some might find it curious that the General Plan uses the word stability to describe what should be done with the single family home neighborhoods when it presumably would be easier to facilitate the demolition of these last homes in Emeryville without that word in the Plan. Why is the word stability used for the North Emeryville residential neighborhood and the Triangle neighborhood in our General Plan?
The idea of the zones of stability rose up when during the public vetting process for the formulation of the new general plan in 2009, residents were alarmed that the staff was pushing such an increase in density for our town (compared to our former general plan). The allowable huge building height increases and residential density increases over the old plan were a cause of concern for the residents. The zones of stability were added to mollify criticism because at that time, most Emeryville residents lived in these zones. Now after so many new apartment projects having been built outside the zones of stability, this is no longer the case it's helpful to know.
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1270 Ocean Avenue The little home on the right with the gardens and large backyard will become a three story wall. |
The final irony is that unless the new building replacing the former single family residence has at least 10 units, the project need not be constrained by Emeryville's family friendly housing ordinance. Thus, 1270 Ocean Avenue at four units (eight if the ground floor bedrooms with their own baths and separate entrances are subsequently rented out via Airbnb) will not be built as a 'family friendly' project.
1270 Ocean Avenue, while certainly not the first demolition of a single family home in a zone of stability since the new General Plan was certified, will add to the precedent being built up that will prove harder to resist if a resistance were ever to be mounted.
Amend the General Plan
The drive for home demolition in East Emeryville is further buttressed by a provision in the code that makes density like a one way check valve; it can only go up, never down. A tear down of a duplex say could only happen if the developer built at least a replacement if not a triplex or more. And that means over time the zones of stability will be completely made over and Emeryville's last single family residences will cease to exist.
A fix for the bad optics for Emeryville, its oft repeated claims of being a family friendly town running at cross purposes with language that encourages demolition of the most family friendly housing in town, would be to amend the General Plan. The most obvious amendment would be to eliminate the zones of stability altogether to remove the hypocrisy. Another amendment could be to keep the zones of stability but remove the language that encourages developers to demolish these family homes. The City of Emeryville is probably most comfortable leaving be the mutually exclusive provisions ensconced in the General Plan. It's the path of least resistant even if it is so easily construed as hypocritical.
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Map from Emeryville's General Plan 1270 Ocean Avenue is located between Ocean and Peabody Lane; the zone of stability |